Rosacea and the Vascular System: How They Are Connected
The Role of the Vascular System in Rosacea
Scientific research indicates that individuals with rosacea exhibit changes in the function of superficial blood vessels in the skin. These vessels are more sensitive to external and internal stimuli, leading to exaggerated dilation, inflammation, and other characteristic symptoms.
1. Vascular Hyperreactivity
Vascular hyperreactivity is one of the main features of rosacea. This means that blood vessels dilate excessively in response to triggers such as:
• Sun exposure;
• Alcohol consumption;
• Hot or spicy foods;
• Emotional stress;
• Extreme temperatures.
This excessive dilation results in the persistent redness (erythema) observed in rosacea patients.
2. Inflammation of Blood Vessels
Chronic inflammation of blood vessels is another significant characteristic of rosacea. Studies suggest this inflammation is related to:
• Endothelial dysfunction: The endothelium, the inner layer of blood vessels, shows alterations that impair its ability to contract and relax properly.
• Exaggerated immune response: The immune system may release inflammatory mediators that directly affect blood vessels, intensifying redness and other symptoms.
3. Telangiectasia (Visible Blood Vessels)
Rosacea often causes telangiectasia, which refers to small, dilated blood vessels visible on the surface of the skin. This condition occurs because the vessels become permanently dilated due to inflammation and structural fragility.
Factors Contributing to Vascular Issues
1. Sun Damage
Exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation can damage blood vessels, making them more prone to dilation and inflammation. The sun also stimulates the production of inflammatory mediators in the skin, worsening symptoms.
2. Abnormal Nervous System Regulation
The nervous system plays a crucial role in regulating blood vessels. In rosacea patients, this regulation is altered, causing vasodilation in response to minimal stimuli, such as temperature changes or hot foods.
3. Altered Formation of New Blood Vessels
Research suggests that angiogenesis (the formation of new blood vessels) may be dysregulated in people with rosacea. This contributes to the increased density of visible blood vessels in the skin and intensifies redness.
Manifestation of Vascular Issues in Rosacea
Vascular changes manifest in various ways in rosacea patients, including:
• Persistent redness: Resulting from chronic blood vessel dilation.
• Burning or stinging sensations: Exaggerated vasodilation can cause discomfort and heightened sensitivity.
• Telangiectasia: Small visible blood vessels, usually on the cheeks and around the nose.
• Skin thickening (rhinophyma): In more advanced cases, chronic inflammation and vascular issues can lead to tissue thickening, particularly in the nose area.
Treatments Targeting Vascular Issues Rosacea treatment includes strategies to control blood vessel dilation and reduce inflammation. Key options include:
1. Topical Medications:
• Brimonidine and oxymetazoline: Temporarily reduce redness by causing blood vessel constriction.
2. Laser or Intense Pulsed Light (IPL) Treatments:
• Effective for reducing the visibility of dilated blood vessels and treating persistent redness.
3. Systemic Therapies:
• Oral antibiotics: Such as doxycycline, which has anti-inflammatory properties.
• Isotretinoin (in severe cases): Used to reduce inflammation and skin thickening.
4. Photoprotection: • Daily sunscreen use is essential to prevent further damage to blood vessels.
Prevention and Management Although rosacea has no cure, its symptoms can be managed with simple and consistent habits:
• Avoid direct sun exposure and always use sunscreen;
• Identify and avoid personal triggers, such as certain foods or beverages;
• Use gentle, appropriate products for sensitive skin;
• Maintain a skincare routine that includes hydration and barrier protection.
Vascular issues are fundamental to understanding rosacea and its symptoms, such as persistent redness, telangiectasia, and chronic inflammation. Treatments focused on vascular control and inflammation reduction have shown positive results in improving patients’ quality of life.
If you experience symptoms of rosacea, consult a dermatologist to receive an accurate diagnosis and discuss the best treatment options for your skin.